National Emergencies

Miscellaneous

National Emergencies: It seems FDR declared the infamous Banking Holiday to cover the fact that the Federal amended the Trading With The Enemy Act to make every American an enemy of the United States which have been created or extended by every president since

While researching the history of the Federal Reserve, I discovered the following quote, which seems as timely now as it was when President Andrew Jackson vetoed a bill to recharter the Bank of United States in 1832, which is was a precursor to Federal Reserve Act of 1913:

"It is to be regretted that the rich and powerful too often bend the acts of government to their selfish purposes. Distinctions in society will always exist under every just government. Equality of talents, of education or of wealth can not be produced by human institutions. In the full enjoyment of the gifts of Heaven and the fruits of superior industry, economy and virtue, every man is equally entitled to protection by law; but when the laws undertake to add to these natural and just advantages artificial distinctions, to grant titles, gratuities, and exclusive privileges, to make the rich richer and the potent more powerful, the humble members of society - the farmers, mechanics and laborers who have neither the time nor the means of securing like favors to themselves, have a right to complain of the injustice of their Government...."

It's no coincidence that the 16th and 17th amendments and the Federal Reserve Act (FRA) were all enacted into law in 1913 on 2/25, 5/31 and 12/23, respectively, all under questionable circumstances. If you're going to steal the wealth of a nation, you must first eliminate any constraint on taxation, so you can tax fiat paper "money" out of the economy nearly as fast as it is created and thereby avoid hyper inflation and revolution. Check the state archives and you'll find that, contrary to Philander Knox's report to Congress, the amendments were never ratified by three-fourths of the states.

Once upon a time there was no income tax. Any emergency money the federal government needed over and above the amount it derived from imposts, excises and duties was requested in the form of direct taxes upon states. The direct tax a State paid and the number of its Representatives were both in proportion to its population, which was the reason for the census. The 16th replaced taxation according to representation with progressive taxation.

Although a federal income tax on federally privileged businesses, like the national railroads might be lawful if such business were lawful, The People were misled into believing that the federal government could impose an income tax on any business. The supreme court decision that the income derived by an individual investor in Erie Railroad was taxable was used to justify the federal tax on capital gain. Americans made ignorant by government schools could not make the distinction between a federaly sanctioned business and a real business or capital gain and income. They came to believe that the federal govenment could impose a direct tax their individual incomes, contrary to the Constitution for the United States.

Once upon a time the states were represented in congress. Before the 17th amendment, Senators were elected from and by the state legislatures. Senators were heistent to approve federal spending, because the they would have to explain any consequent direct tax upon their state to the legislators who elected them, and the state legislators didn't like explaining increases in state sales taxes to cover the federal direct tax any more than Representatives wanted to explain federal impost, duty and excise increases to their constituients. There was a natural resistence to federal growth: a balance of power with the states.

Now our Senators are little more than glorified Representatives. Both are carried carried along in unprincipled directions by the stampeed of ignorant voters herded by pro-government media.

Once upon a time our money was a store of wealth as well as a unit of account and medium of exchange. It was real money. It was commodity money based on gold and silver.

The FRA was created in secrecy at a Wall Street vacation destination on Jekyl Island, Georgia, an appropriate orgin, given the Jekly and Hyde result. Two versions of the bill were submitted to Congress, one by the Republicans (Aldridge) and the other by the Democrats (FRA). Given the propensity for Republicans to be subservient to Wall Street, their version was easily defeated. The FRA was assumed to be the good version, when it fact it was essentially the same bill. Most of Congress had left to celebrate Christmas at home and assumed they'd deal with the FRA during the next session, but just enough proponents of the FRA remained late at night to enact it into law.